Private Label Serum

20 Years OEM Experience / GMP / SGS / FDA Certified

TOP-RANKED PRIVATE LABEL SERUM MANUFACTURER
Trusted by global skincare brands for over 20 years

Amarrie specializes in private label serum manufacturing, delivering regulation-ready, performance-tested serum formulas for global skincare markets.

From daily facial serums to targeted treatment and functional skincare serums,

we help brands launch market-ready private label serum products with confidence.

Private Label Serum — Built for Regulation-Ready Market Entry

✔ Project MOQ: Private label serum from 500 units
✔ Regulatory Ready: FDA/ EU compliance support & required documentation
✔ Market-Validated Formulas: Proven private label serum systems for global brands

➤ Start Your Branding Journey Today！

20 Years OEM Experience / GMP / SGS / FDA Certified

TOP-RANKED PRIVATE LABEL SERUM MANUFACTURER
Trusted by global skincare brands

for over 20 years

Private Label Serum — Built for Regulation-Ready Market Entry

✔ Project MOQ: Private label serum from 500 units
✔ Regulatory Ready: FDA / EU compliance support & required documentation
✔ Market-Validated Formulas: Proven private label serum systems for global brands

➤ Start Your Branding Journey Today！

Professional Serum Packaging Design

MOQ 500

(Ready Serum Formula & Packaging）

EU & FDA-Compliant Private Label Serum Production

Stability-Tested Serum Formulas

Powering 1000+ skincare brands worldwide

Professional Serum Packaging Design

MOQ 500

(Ready Serum Formula & Packaging）

EU & FDA-Compliant Private Label Serum Production

Stability-Tested Serum Formulas

Powering 1000+ skincare brands worldwide

As your strategic private label serum partner, we enable:

✓ Regulatory-ready private label serum production (ISO / GMP compliant)
✓ Validated serum formulas designed for scalable brand growth

✓ Custom serum packaging design aligned with your brand positioning

Our manufacturing advantages:

• 63 patented formulation & processing technologies
• 72-hour emergency serum batch replacement capability
• Climate-neutral production options
• FDA / ISO 22716 certified clean rooms
• Skin-friendly, plant-based serum formulations developed by experts

See Our Factory in Action

You’ve invested in product development — but is your private label serum launch moving fast enough?

★ We solve your silent struggle:

★More than formulas — we streamline your private label serum launch

★Serum packaging designed for strong shelf differentiation

★Efficient turnaround to support fast-moving skincare trends

➤ Quick Private Label Serum, Easy Launch

LIMITED TIME OFFER

You’ve invested in product development — but is your private label serum launch moving fast enough?

★More than formulas — we streamline your private label serum launch

★Serum packaging designed for strong shelf differentiation

★Efficient turnaround to support fast-moving skincare trends

★ We solve your silent struggle:

➤ Quick Private Label Serum, Easy Launch

LIMITED TIME OFFER

About Our Private Label Serum Formula System

We collaborate with globally recognized raw material suppliers to ensure stability, safety, and long-term scalability for private label serum brands.

Custom Private Label Serum Formulation Services

Expert R&D team:

Our R&D team brings over 20 years of formulation experience, with dedicated expertise in private label serum development.

We support regulation-ready private label serum projects for global markets, covering hydrating serums, brightening serums, anti-aging serums, and functional treatment serums.

In-house serum stability & compatibility testing

Experience with water-based, oil-based & encapsulated serum systems

Targeted active delivery system design for serums

Lightweight, fast-absorbing serum texture optimization

EU & FDA-compliant serum ingredient systems

Private Label Serum Laboratory Capabilities

• 8+ trend-setting private label serum innovations every quarter
Formulated to meet market needs (e.g. vitamin antioxidant serums, barrier-repair serums, postbiotic serums)

•Strategic raw material partnerships with Dow, IFF, BASF and DSM

Customizable active ingredients such as ceramide analogs, peptides, and marine-derived exosomes

• Verification System
Serum stability, compatibility and accelerated aging tests conducted in-house to evaluate product performance, shelf life and packaging compatibility.
Microbiological testing ensures products are free of harmful bacteria, yeast and mold.
SGS & Intertek certified Global compliance screening (FDA / EU CPNP / China NMPA)

About Our Private Label Serum Laboratory

Our laboratory combines over 20 years of formulation expertise with dedicated capabilities in private label serum development and testing.

Key Enhancements from Knowledge Base:
✓ GMP / ISO 22716 certified private label serum production environment
✓ EU & FDA-compliant serum documentation support
✓ In-house serum testing coordination & third-party lab integration
✓ Brand-ready private label serum solutions for compliant market entry

➤ See How Our Private Label Serum Works

explore our private label serum portfolio

With over 20 years of formulation experience, Amarrie offers a ready-to-launch private label serum portfolio,

built on proven in-house formulas and standardized packaging systems for compliant and scalable brand launches.

All private label serum formulas are stability-tested, performance-validated,

and developed to meet international cosmetic compliance and real-world market requirements.

Looking for a reliable partner for your private label serum project?
Whether you are launching your first serum SKU or expanding an existing skincare line,

we support your private label serum project from formula selection to compliant market entry.

Vitamin C Serum

Brightening & Even Tone

Formulated with Vitamin C and Hyaluronic Acid to help brighten dull skin, reduce the appearance of dark spots and discoloration, and improve overall skin texture for a more radiant look.

Retinol Serum

Anti-Aging & Skin Renewal

Formulated with Retinol and Vitamin E to help improve skin texture, support skin renewal, and reduce the appearance of aging signs while promoting a smoother, refreshed complexion.

Hyaluronic Acid Serum

Deep Hydration

Formulated with Hyaluronic Acid and antioxidant support to deeply hydrate and plump the skin, improve moisture balance, and reduce the appearance of fine lines for a smoother, refreshed look.

Salicylic Acid Serum

Acne & Oil Control

Formulated with Salicylic Acid and exfoliating acids to help unclog pores, control excess oil, and improve the appearance of acne-prone skin while supporting a clearer, balanced complexion.

AHA Serum

Exfoliation & Skin Smoothing

Formulated with Glycolic Acid, Lactic Acid, and Citric Acid to help exfoliate dead skin cells, refine pores, and improve skin smoothness while supporting a brighter, more even-looking complexion.

Vitamin C Plus Serum

Intensive Brightening

A high-strength Vitamin C serum formulated to help brighten skin tone, improve dullness, and provide antioxidant support while promoting a smoother, more youthful-looking complexion.

Snail Mucin Serum

Repair & Hydration

Formulated with Snail Mucin, Niacinamide, and Panthenol to help improve skin elasticity, support moisture retention, and soothe the skin for a plump, smooth-looking complexion.

Skin Lightening Serum

Even Tone & Radiance

Formulated with SymWhite 377, Niacinamide, and botanical extracts to help reduce the appearance of dark spots and uneven skin tone while enhancing overall skin radiance and clarity.

Collagen Serum

Firming & Skin Repair

Formulated with Collagen and Peptides to help improve skin firmness, smooth the appearance of fine lines, and support skin barrier repair for a more stable, youthful-looking complexion.

Niacinamide Serum

Oil Control & Brightening

Formulated with Niacinamide, soothing botanical extracts, and Hyaluronic Acid to help control excess oil, refine pores, calm redness, and improve overall skin brightness and balance.

➤ Start Your Private Label Serum Project

EXPLORE OUR PRIVATE LABEL SERUM PORTFOLIO

With over 20 years of formulation experience, Amarrie offers a ready-to-launch private label serum portfolio,

built on proven in-house formulas and standardized packaging systems for compliant and scalable brand launches.

All private label serum formulas are stability-tested, performance-validated,

and developed to meet international cosmetic compliance and real-world market requirements.

Looking for a reliable partner for your private label serum project?
Whether you are launching your first serum SKU or expanding an existing skincare line,

we support your private label serum project from formula selection to compliant market entry.

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin Concern

Neutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.

Vitamin C Serum

Brightening & Even Tone

Formulated with Vitamin C and Hyaluronic Acid to help brighten dull skin, reduce the appearance of dark spots and discoloration, and improve overall skin texture for a more radiant look.

Retinol Serum

Anti-Aging & Skin Renewal

Formulated with Retinol and Vitamin E to help improve skin texture, support skin renewal, and reduce the appearance of aging signs while promoting a smoother, refreshed complexion.

Hyaluronic Acid Serum

Deep Hydration

Formulated with Hyaluronic Acid and antioxidant support to deeply hydrate and plump the skin, improve moisture balance, and reduce the appearance of fine lines for a smoother, refreshed look.

Salicylic Acid Serum

Acne & Oil Control

Formulated with Salicylic Acid and exfoliating acids to help unclog pores, control excess oil, and improve the appearance of acne-prone skin while supporting a clearer, balanced complexion.

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin Concern

Neutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.

AHA Serum

Exfoliation & Skin Smoothing

Formulated with Glycolic Acid, Lactic Acid, and Citric Acid to help exfoliate dead skin cells, refine pores, and improve skin smoothness while supporting a brighter, more even-looking complexion.

Vitamin C Plus Serum

Intensive Brightening

A high-strength Vitamin C serum formulated to help brighten skin tone, improve dullness, and provide antioxidant support while promoting a smoother, more youthful-looking complexion.

Snail Mucin Serum

Repair & Hydration

Formulated with Snail Mucin, Niacinamide, and Panthenol to help improve skin elasticity, support moisture retention, and soothe the skin for a plump, smooth-looking complexion.

Skin Lightening Serum

Even Tone & Radiance

Formulated with SymWhite 377, Niacinamide, and botanical extracts to help reduce the appearance of dark spots and uneven skin tone while enhancing overall skin radiance and clarity.

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin Concern

Neutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.

Collagen Serum

Firming & Skin Repair

Formulated with Collagen and Peptides to help improve skin firmness, smooth the appearance of fine lines, and support skin barrier repair for a more stable, youthful-looking complexion.

Niacinamide Serum

Oil Control & Brightening

Formulated with Niacinamide, soothing botanical extracts, and Hyaluronic Acid to help control excess oil, refine pores, calm redness, and improve overall skin brightness and balance.

From Private Label Serum Formulation to Global Delivery

End-to-end private label serum solutions trusted by skincare brands in over 70 countries

Core Competencies

Customer Benefits

20+ Years Serum & Skincare R&D Experience (GMP / ISO)

Develop Market-Validated Private Label Serum Formulas

Project MOQ: Private label serum starting from 500 units

EU & FDA-Compliant Private Label Serum Manufacturing

Serum Compliance Support: Safety assessment & global cosmetic regulatory documentation

Reduce Market Entry Risks with a standardized private label serum system (formula & packaging ready)

➤ Explore Private Label Serum Solutions

From Private Label Serum Formulation to Global Delivery

End-to-end private label serum solutions trusted by skincare brands in over 70 countries

Core Competencies

⭐ 20+ Years Serum & Skincare R&D Experience (GMP / ISO)

⭐Project MOQ: Private label serum starting from 500 units

⭐Serum Compliance Support: Safety assessment & global cosmetic regulatory documentation

Customer Benefits

✅Develop Market-Validated Private Label Serum Formulas

✅EU & FDA-Compliant Private Label Serum Manufacturing

✅Reduce Market Entry Risks with a standardized private label serum system (formula & packaging ready)

➤ Explore Private Label Serum Solutions

What Our Customers Are Saying

Title

William /CEO of US Organic Brand

"Amarrie has completely transformed our brand’s path. When we launched our hand and foot masks, they quickly became one of our best-selling products in just 50 days."

James / Beauty store chain owner

"Thanks to Amarrie’s exceptional packaging and marketing strategy, our conversion rate skyrocketed by 150%. It was a decision that we’ll never regret!"

JYOTHI / Beauty salon owner

"Last year, we faced a loss of $45,000 due to regulatory challenges. With Amarrie’s expertise, those risks are now under control, and we’re focused on growth."

Saliou. / Skin care brand owner

"As a small startup, we needed a reliable partner. Amarrie’s trusted formulas gave us the confidence to move forward without fear of failure." "Count on Amarrie to help you avoid costly setbacks."

What Our Customers Are Saying

Title

William /CEO of US Organic Brand

"Amarrie has completely transformed our brand’s path. When we launched our hand and foot masks, they quickly became one of our best-selling products in just 50 days."

James / Beauty store chain owner

"Thanks to Amarrie’s exceptional packaging and marketing strategy, our conversion rate skyrocketed by 150%. It was a decision that we’ll never regret!"

JYOTHI / Beauty salon owner

"Last year, we faced a loss of $45,000 due to regulatory challenges. With Amarrie’s expertise, those risks are now under control, and we’re focused on growth."

Saliou. / Skin care brand owner

"As a small startup, we needed a reliable partner. Amarrie’s trusted formulas gave us the confidence to move forward without fear of failure." "Count on Amarrie to help you avoid costly setbacks."

WHO WE WORK WITH – PRIVATE LABEL SERUM PARTNERS

At Amarrie, we specialize in collaborating with global brands, distributors, and retailers to deliver end-to-end private label serum solutions, helping partners launch brand-ready serum products using our proven formulas and packaging systems.

COSMETICS BRAND OWNERS

Direct access to our professional private label serum R&D team with over 20 years of skincare formulation experience
Standard MOQ starting from 500 units, supporting both emerging and established skincare brands
Brand-ready serum formulas and standardized packaging, with logo customization available
Access to our proven active delivery and serum stabilization systems for reliable market performance

BEAUTY SALONS & CLINICS

Development of professional private label serum lines tailored for beauty salons, aesthetic clinics, and treatment centers
Gentle, high-performance serums suitable for daily care and post-treatment skin support
Access to our ready-to-launch private label serum formulas, enabling faster rollout and simplified sourcing

BEAUTY & COSMETICS STORES

Diverse private label serum ranges, including hydrating, brightening, anti-aging, and balancing serums
MOQ starting from 500 units, ideal for beauty retailers and specialty cosmetic chains
Stable supply and efficient production cycles, supporting consistent shelf availability

WHOLESALERS Serum

Scalable private label serum manufacturing capacity, supporting regional and multi-market distribution
Ready-made serum portfolio covering core skincare needs with consistent quality
Reliable supply chain ensuring long-term wholesale stability

RETAIL PURCHASING TEAMS

Private label serum formulas produced under FDA-compliant, GMP & ISO-certified systems
MOQ starting from 500 units, adaptable to regional and multi-store retail strategies
Strict quality control standards ensuring consistent serum performance and shelf stability

CONTENT CREATORS & INFLUENCERS

Strategic support for private label serum content collaboration, including positioning guidance
Visually refined serum packaging designed for social media and digital campaigns
Support in creating educational serum content highlighting texture, benefits, and usage scenarios

E-COMMERCE BRANDS

Proven experience supporting private label serum brands across online
Guidance on compliance-ready serum listings, product structure, and positioning
Support with high-quality visuals and conversion-focused serum storytelling
Flexible production and reliable lead times for fast-moving e-commerce cycles

We Make It Easy to Launch Your Private Label Serum Line

Whether you're launching a new skincare category or expanding an existing product range,

we provide a streamlined private label serum solution built on ready formulas and standardized packaging.
How to Start Your Private Label Serum Project with Amarrie:

Step 1 – FORMULATION OPTIONS

A. MOQ ≥ 500 pcs

Use the existing Neutrherbs formulation with customized packaging.

B. MOQ ≥ 3,000 pcs

Fully customized formulation and packaging according to your requirements.

Estimate time: 15 Working Days

Step 2 – QUOTATION

Pricing will be provided after confirming requirements.

Note: OEM development fee is $250 per style

Step 3 – ORDER CONFIRMATION & DEPOSIT

Proceed with order details and arrange 50% deposit.

Step 4 – PACKAGING DESIGN

Our design team prepares packaging drafts.

Estimate time: 15 Working Days

Step 5 – SAMPLING

Produce and finalize product samples.

There will be a charge if the pre-production sample is required.

Estimate time: 15 Working Days

Step 6 – DESIGN APPROVAL

Confirm all final artworks and sample details before mass production.

Step 7 – MASS PRODUCTION

Produce and finalize product samples.

Estimate time: 45 Working Days

Step 8 – BALANCE PAYMENT

Settle remaining payment before shipment.

Step 9 – DELIVERY ARRANGEMENT

Arrange logistics according to your shipping instructions.

Step 10 – AFTER-SALES SUPPORT

Continuous service to ensure smooth delivery and product satisfaction.

For OEM/ODM’s final quantity will have + or – 5% tolerance that needs to be accepted.

➤ Create Your Own Serum Brand Today

We Make It Easy to Launch Your Private Label Serum Line

Whether you're launching a new skincare category or expanding an existing product range, we provide a streamlined private label serum solution built on ready formulas and standardized packaging.

How to Start Your Private Label Serum Project with Amarrie:

Step 1 – FORMULATION OPTIONS

A. MOQ ≥ 500 pcs

Use the existing Neutrherbs formulation with customized packaging.

B. MOQ ≥ 3,000 pcs

Fully customized formulation and packaging according to your requirements.

Estimate time: 15 Working Days

Step 2 – QUOTATION

Pricing will be provided after confirming requirements.

Note: OEM development fee is $250 per style

Step 3 – ORDER CONFIRMATION & DEPOSIT

Proceed with order details and arrange 50% deposit.

Step 4 – PACKAGING DESIGN

Our design team prepares packaging drafts.

Estimate time: 15 Working Days

Step 5 – SAMPLING

Produce and finalize product samples.

There will be a charge if the pre-production sample is required.

Estimate time: 15 Working Days

Step 6 – DESIGN APPROVAL

Confirm all final artworks and sample details before mass production.

Step 7 – MASS PRODUCTION

Produce and finalize product samples.

Estimate time: 45 Working Days

Step 8 – BALANCE PAYMENT

Settle remaining payment before shipment.

Step 9 – DELIVERY ARRANGEMENT

Arrange logistics according to your shipping instructions.

Step 10 – AFTER-SALES SUPPORT

Continuous service to ensure smooth delivery and product satisfaction.

For OEM/ODM’s final quantity will have + or – 5% tolerance that needs to be accepted.

➤ Create Your Own Serum Brand Today

WHATEVER YOUR PRIVATE LABEL SERUM BRAND NEEDS, AMARRIE DELIVERS!

Formulation Excellence

Choose from our extensive catalog of over 3,000 mature formulations, trusted by renowned brands worldwide.
Access our 63 patented skincare technologies for cutting-edge product development.
Benefit from our team's 20+ years of expertise in cosmetics research and development.
Create custom formulations tailored to your brand's unique vision and market needs.

Rigorous Testing

Leverage our state-of-the-art in-house R&D facilities for thorough product testing.
Ensure product safety and efficacy with our comprehensive testing protocols.
Receive transparent research and test reports, giving you complete confidence in your products.
Benefit from our ISO22716, GMPC, and FDA certifications, guaranteeing international quality standards.

Innovative Packaging

Collaborate with our experienced design team, boasting over 10 years of expertise and 1000+ brand design cases.
Choose from our high-quality packaging options, used by industry leaders like Lancôme and Watsons.
Create unique, eye-catching packaging that tells your brand's story and captures your voice.
Utilize our flexible production capabilities, from small runs of 1000 pieces to large-scale orders of millions.

Find the Right Private Label Serum Production Plan for Your Business

At Amarrie, we offer flexible private label serum production plans designed to support efficient launches and scalable growth. Our programs are ideal for brands seeking ready formulas, standardized packaging, and predictable lead times.

*Please note: our private label serum programs start from a minimum order of 500 units per SKU, ensuring consistent quality, regulatory compliance, and production efficiency.

Grow

Private Label Serum Program:

Budget: USD 2000+ per order

Order quantity: 500+ units per product

Standardized, market-proven serum packaging options

Faster time-to-market using ready serum formulas and packaging

Attractive profit margins for wholesale and distribution channels

Market-validated, performance-driven in-house serum formulas

Ideal for brands seeking fast brand expansion using proven serum formulas and flexible logo branding

Perfect for established brands

Further differentiate your brand through logo customization and branded outer packaging, using our existing serum formulas and packaging structures to ensure consistency and speed.

This option offers selectable packaging formats with brand logo customization, without changing the formula or packaging structure.

EU & FDA–Certified Production

Value-Added Product Packaging Attracts New Customers To Your Brand

Our team, with over 20 years of skincare formulation and production experience, supports you in selecting the most suitable private label serum solution for your brand’s growth stage.

FAQs

Are your private label serum products made in China?

Yes. All private label serum products are manufactured in China at our ISO 22716 & GMP-certified cosmetic factory.

We source raw materials from trusted global suppliers to ensure consistent quality and safety.
Our production complies with ISO 22716, GMP, EU CPNP, and FDA cosmetic standards, and finished products are exported worldwide.

Do you supply packaging only, semi-finished products, or raw materials?

No. We only supply finished private label serum products.

We do not provide packaging-only services, semi-finished goods, or raw materials.
All products are produced under strict quality control and comply fully with EU & US cosmetic regulations, ensuring stability, safety, and batch consistency.

with 24 hours

contact us to start your private label serum project

Our team will review your requirements and respond within 24 hours.
Private label serum projects start from 500 units per SKU, using ready formulas and standardized packaging.

As your strategic private label serum partner, we enable:

Our manufacturing advantages:

You’ve invested in product development — but is your private label serum launch moving fast enough?

You’ve invested in product development — but is your private label serum launch moving fast enough?

Custom Private Label Serum Formulation Services

explore our private label serum portfolio

Vitamin C Serum

Brightening & Even Tone

Retinol Serum

Anti-Aging & Skin Renewal

Hyaluronic Acid Serum

Deep Hydration

Salicylic Acid Serum

Acne & Oil Control

AHA Serum

Exfoliation & Skin Smoothing

Vitamin C Plus Serum

Intensive Brightening

Snail Mucin Serum

Repair & Hydration

Skin Lightening Serum

Even Tone & Radiance

Collagen Serum

Firming & Skin Repair

Niacinamide Serum

Oil Control & Brightening

EXPLORE OUR PRIVATE LABEL SERUM PORTFOLIO

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin ConcernNeutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.

Vitamin C Serum

Brightening & Even Tone

Retinol Serum

Anti-Aging & Skin Renewal

Hyaluronic Acid Serum

Deep Hydration

Salicylic Acid Serum

Acne & Oil Control

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin ConcernNeutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.

AHA Serum

Exfoliation & Skin Smoothing

Vitamin C Plus Serum

Intensive Brightening

Snail Mucin Serum

Repair & Hydration

Skin Lightening Serum

Even Tone & Radiance

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin ConcernNeutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.

Collagen Serum

Firming & Skin Repair

Niacinamide Serum

Oil Control & Brightening

From Private Label Serum Formulation to Global Delivery

From Private Label Serum Formulation to Global Delivery

What Our Customers Are Saying

What Our Customers Are Saying

WHO WE WORK WITH – PRIVATE LABEL SERUM PARTNERS

We Make It Easy to Launch Your Private Label Serum Line

We Make It Easy to Launch Your Private Label Serum Line

WHATEVER YOUR PRIVATE LABEL SERUM BRAND NEEDS, AMARRIE DELIVERS!

Find the Right Private Label Serum Production Plan for Your Business

Grow

Private Label Serum Program:

FAQs

contact us to start your private label serum project

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin Concern

Neutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin Concern

Neutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.

Wholesale Skincare Product Lines by Skin Concern

Neutriherbs offers proven, fast-moving wholesale skincare product lines, trusted by global distributors and designed for high turnover and repeat orders across retailers, salons, and online sellers.